- Archimedes (ancient Greek mathematician, scientist and inventor)
- Aristotle (ancient Greek philosopher and scientist)
- Leo Baekeland (inventor of the first synthetic plastic called Bakelite)
- John Logie Baird (inventor of the television)
- Christiaan Barnard (first heart transplant surgeon)
- Alexander Graham Bell (inventor of the telephone)
- Daniel Bernoulli (mathematician and fluid movement physicist)
- Clarence Birdseye (inventor of frozen food)
- Lazlo and Georg Biro (inventors of the biro)
- Aage Niels Bohr (studied atomic structure)
- Tycho Brahe (astronomer who corrected much previous astronomical data)
- Ferdinand Braun (inventor of the cathode ray tube)
- Wallace Carothers (inventor of nylon)
- Samuel Colt (inventor of repeating hand gun)
- Nicolaus Copernicus (stated that the sun was the centre of our solar system)
- Pierre and Marie Curie (discovered radioactive radium and plutonium)
- Leonardo da Vinci (Florentine painter, sculptor, architect, engineer and scientist)
- Gottlieb Daimler (inventor of the petrol-powered motorcycle)
- John Dalton (first stated that matter is composed of atoms)
- Charles Darwin (Theory of Natural Selection)
- Christian Doppler (discovered the Doppler Effect of the sound of moving objects)
- Peter Durand (inventor of tinned food)
- George Eastman (inventor of the Kodak camera)
- Thomas Edison (American inventor of various devices)
- Gustav Eiffel (designer of Eiffel Tower in Paris)
- Albert Einstein (Theory of Relativity)
- Gabriel Fahrenheit (inventor of the mercury thermometer)
- Enrico Fermi (achieved the first controlled nuclear reaction)
- Alexander Fleming (discovered penicillin)
- Benjamin Franklin (American printer, philosopher and scientist who experimented with lightning conduction)
- Galen (Ancient Roman physician)
- Galileo Galilei (used a telescope to view the Moon, discovered pendulum laws)
- Hans Geiger (inventor of the Geiger counter)
- King Camp Gillette (inventor of the razor blade)
- Lawrence Hargrave (Australian who experimented with box-kite style airplanes)
- Gustav Hertz (studied effect of impact of electrons on atoms)
- Lance Hill (Australian inventor of the Hills rotary clothesline)
- Sir Robert Hooke (discovered cells)
- Edwin Hubble (found new solar systems and galaxies)
- Walter Hunt (inventor of the safety pin)
- James Hutton (developed geology theory of uniformitarianism)
- Edward Jenner (discovered the smallpox vaccine)
- James Prescott Joule (studied electricity and thermodynamics)
- Whitcombe Judson (inventor of the zip fastener)
- Lord Kelvin (developed absolute temperature scale)
- Johannes Kepler (discovered laws of planetary motion)
- Edwin Land (inventor of the Polaroid camera)
- Antoine Lavoisier (founder of modern chemistry)
- Sir Charles Lyell (developed geology theory of uniformitarianism)
- Guglielmo Marconi (inventor of the radio transmitter and receiver)
- Gregor Mendel (founder of modern genetics)
- Dmitri Mendeleev or Mendeleyev (Periodic Table of Elements)
- Hippolyte Mege Mouries (inventor of margarine)
- Sir Isaac Newton (studied gravity, light and optics, developed calculus)
- Alfred Nobel (inventor of dynamite, founder of Nobel Prize)
- Louis Pasteur (proved micro-organisms cause disease)
- Max Planck (originator of the quantum theory)
- Joseph Priestley (discovered oxygen)
- Ptolemy (studied our solar system)
- Wilhelm Rontgen (inventor of the X-ray machine)
- Ernest Rutherford (atomic structure)
- Arthur Schawlow and Charles Townes (inventors of the LASER)
- Igor Sikorsky (inventor of the modern helicopter)
- Percy Spencer (inventor of the microwave oven)
- Nikola Tesla (developed the first practical system to generate and transmit electricity)
- Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (inventor of the microscope)
- James Watson and Francis Crick (discovered DNA structure)
- James Watt (modified the steam engine)
- Alfred Wegener (Theory of Continental Drift)
- Orville and Wilbur Wright (first manned flight in USA)