Chemistry Quiz - Soaps and Detergents
1. Soap was invented as long ago as:
A 200 years
B 1000 years
C 2000 years
2. Soaps were originally made from:
A proteins
B animal fats and vegetable oils
C chemicals extracted from the soil
3. Today's soaps are synthesised from products including:
A plastics
B sodium hydroxide and alcohol
C proteins and hydrochloric acid
4. In a school laboratory, soap is usually made from:
A vegetable oil, sodium hydroxide and some alcohol
B methylated spirits and any acid
C acids and caustic soda
5. Soaps work because the "water-loving" end of the soap molecule attracts a water molecule and the "water-hating" end attracts:
A other soap molecules
B water molecules also
C grease or dirt
6. The scientific term for "water-loving" is:
A hydrophilic
B hydroxide
C hydrophobic
7. The scientific term for "water-hating" is:
A hydroxide
B hydrophilic
C hydrophobic
8. The "water-loving" end of the soap molecule has a charge that is:
A positive
B negative
C either positive or negative
9. The water-repelling end of the soap molecule has a:
Anegative charge
Bpositive charge
Cneutral or no charge
10. Hard water contains a lot of calcium and:
Amagnesium salts
Bsodium salts
Cpotassium salts
11. Hard water does not wash clothes well because:
Athe salts speed up the cleaning action and hard water contains insufficient salts to do this
Bthe salts react with the soap to form a grey scum instead of attaching to the dirt particles
Cthe water is hard to touch and it is unpleasant for people to touch the water when washing clothes
12. The type of water that produces the greatest lather of bubbles is:
Aany type of water
Bhard water
Csoft water
13. Soaps and detergents that can be easily broken down by bacteria in the environment to form harmless substances are termed:
Abiodegradable
Bnon-biodegradable
Cenvironmentally unfriendly
14. The additive in many soaps and detergents that greatly harm the environment is:
Aperfume
Bsalts
Cphosphates
15. When phosphates from cleaning products reach our waterways, they encourage the rapid growth of algae. This in turn extracts too much oxygen from the water and fish suffocate. This harmful process is:
Aphosphatisation
Beutrophication
Chydrophilic

 

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